Spring-actuated stud wrench



April 8, 1952 J. KEISER 2,592,037

SPRING-ACTUATED STUD WRENCH Filed June 6, 1949 INVENTOR. fa/7w Mfume ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 8 1952 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE SPRING-ACTUATED STUD WRENCH John Keiser, Windsor, Colo.

Application June 6, 1949, Serial No. 97,447

3 Claims.

This invention relates to a socket wrench for stud bolts, and has for its principal object the provision of a small, light-weight, highly efficient socket wrench which can he slipped over a threaded stud bolt for screwing the latter into place, or for unscrewing it from place.

The invention is particularly adaptable for removing tight engine head stud bolts which become rusted and corroded in place and are difficult to remove. Another object of the invention is to provide a stud bolt wrench which will handle a variety of stud bolt sizes, and which will automatically ratchet in either desired direction against the stud bolt so that only a short turning arc is required.

Other objects and advantages reside in the detail construction of the invention, which is designed for simplicity, economy, and efliciency. These will become more apparent from the following description.

In the following detailed description of the invention, reference is had to the accompanying drawing which forms a part hereof. Like numerals refer to like parts in all views of the drawing and throughout the description.

In the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a side view of the improved stud bolt wrench;

Fig. 2 is a top view thereof;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal cross-section, taken on the line 3-3, Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-section, taken on the line 4-6, Fig. 2;

Figs. 5 and 6 are horizontal cross-sections, taken on the lines 5-5 and 3 6, respectively, Fig. 4; and

Fig. 7 is a bottom view thereof.

In Fig. 5 the wrench is illustrated in the empty position and in Fig. 6 it is illustrated with a typical stud bolt 34 in place therein.

The improved wrench employs a cup-like case l having a circular stud opening H in its bottom for the passage of the stud bolt 34, and having a normally open top closed by means of a top plate l2.

Three pivot openings I3 are equally spaced and surround the stud opening Each of the pivot openings l3 receives a pivot lug I l formed on the lower outer extremity of a swinging dog I and projecting downwardly therefrom.

The dogs have a semi-pointed, free extremity, from which two arcuate, ratchet-notched faces l6 extend. These free extremities pivot about the axis of the lugs I4. The pivoted extremities of the dogs are rounded and set into receiving 2 rooves H in the inner wall of the case It. The thrust reaction of the dogs I5 is received by the grooves l1. v

A circular boss i8 arises from each of the dogs. adjacent its free extremity. The three bosses l8 are received in radial slots I9 formed in a slotted plate 20. A center opening 2| is also formed in the plate 2|! and corresponds in diam eter and position to the bottom opening II.

It can be seen that when the plate 20 is ro' tated in one direction, the dogs IE will be swung simultaneously to the right, and when rotated in the other direction, will be swung simultaneously to the left. When the axes of the slots I9 are parallel to the axes of the dogs l5, the latter will be in their closed or radial positions, with their extremities closely approaching each other, as shown in Figs. 2 and 5.

The plate 20 is constantly urged to this closedor radial position by means of two compression springs 22, which act against opposite sides of a vertical crank pin 23, which is aflixed in and arises from the slotted plate 2|]. The springs 22 are contained in a circumferential notch 24v formed in the edge of a stationary flange 25.

Keys 26 project from the flange 25 into key notches 2'! in the opposite sides of the case ||l so as to prevent rotation of the flange within the case. A hollow stem 28 is concentrically secured to the flange 25 and projects upwardly therefrom, terminating at its upper extremity in wrench-engaging faces 29. I I

A split retaining ring 30 is inset in an annular groove in the inner wall of the casing ill to hold the flange 25 downwardly therein. A knurled operating sleeve 3| rotatably surrounds the stem 28 and extends downwardly through the top cap l2 so as to rest upon the flange 25.

The sleeve 3| carries a bifurcated ear 32 extending outwardly from its lower extremity below the cap l2. The pin 23 is received in the bifurcated ear 32. The cap I2 is held in place by means of cap screws 33 which are threaded into the flange 25.

If it is desired to turn the stud 34 to the right, the sleeve 3| is rotated to the right to swing the dogs outwardly to the position of Fig. 6 with relation to the stud 34. A wrench of any desired type is then placed on the wrench faces 29 and the stem 28 rotated back and forth. At each movement to the right, the teeth of the faces l6 will bite into the stud to rotate the latter to the right. When the stem 28 is reversed, the teeth will slide over the surface of the stud to obtain a new grip thereon.

To unscrew the stud or turn it to the left, the dogs ii are swung to the left by rotating the sleeve 8| before being placed on the stud so that the opposite faces IE will engage the stud to ratchet thereon to unscrew the latter from position.

While a specific form of the improvement has been described and illustrated herein, it is to be understood that the same may be varied, within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed and desired secured by Letters Patent is:

1. A stud bolt wrench comprising: a cup-like case having a stud-receiving opening in its bottom and an open top, there being three pivot openings in the bottom of said case equally spaced about the central stud opening; three, pointed, toothed dogs positioned normally in a radial position within said casing; a pivot boss extending downwardly from the outer extremity of each dog into one of said pivot openings; a projecting lug extending upwardly from each dog adjacent its axial extremity; a slotted plate positioned in said case above said dogs, said plate being provided with a central stud-receiving opening, and with radially extending slots each slidably receiving one of said bosses; means for rotating said case; an axially positioned, hollow stem arising from said case; a circular flange formed on the lower extremity of said stem within said case and positioned against said slotted plate; means for preventing said flange from rotating within said case; a rotatable sleeve surrounding said stem and extending into said case; and means on said sleeve. for rotating said slotted plate in either desired direction.

2. A stud bolt wrench comprising: a cup-like case having a stud-receiving opening in its bottom and an open top, there being three pivot openings in the bottom of said case equally spaced about the central stud opening; three, pointed, toothed dogs positioned normally in a radial position within said casing; a pivot boss extending downwardly from the outer extremity of each dog into one of said pivot openings; a

projecting lug extending upwardly from each dog adjacent its axial extremity; a slotted plate positioned in said case above said dogs, said plate being provided with a central stud-receiving opening, and with radially extending slots each slidably receiving one of said bosses; means for rotating said case; an axially positioned, hollow stem arising from said case; a circular flange formed on the lower extremity of said stem within said case and positioned against said slotted plate; means for preventing said flange from rotating within said case; a rotatable sleeve surrounding said stem and extending into said case; a bifurcated ear projecting from said sleeve within said case over said flange; and a pin fixed in said slotted disc and extending into said bifurcated ear to transmit the movements of said sleeve to said slotted plate.

3. A stud bolt wrench comprising: a cup-like case having a stud-receiving opening in its bottom and an open top, there being three pivot openings in the bottom of said case equally spaced about the central stud opening; three, pointed, toothed dogs positioned normally in a radial position within said casing; a pivot boss extending downwardly from the outer extremity of each dog into one of said pivot openings; at projecting lug extending upwardly from each dog adjacent its axial extremity; a slotted plate positioned in said case above said dogs, said plate being provided with a central stud-receiving opening, and with radially extending slots each slidably receiving one of said bosses; means for rotating said case; an axially positioned, hollow stem arising from said case; a circular flange formed on the lower extremity of said stem within said case and positioned against said slotted plate; means for preventing said flange from rotating within said case; a rotatable sleeve surrounding said stem and extending into said case; a bifurcated ear projecting from said sleeve within said case over said flange; and a pin fixed in said slotted disc and extending into said bifurcated ear to transmit the movements of said sleeve to said slotted plate; an expanding ring resting in an internal notch in said case and acting to maintain said flange in place therein; and a cover plate closing the top of said case about said sleeve.

JOHN KEISER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number 

